I've been acting under the assumption that the attacker has the advantage due to the 3/2 roll rule, but the defender getting the tie might make more difference than I thought. Does anybody here know enough math to let me know who has the advantage and how much of one it is?
"I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use."
- Galileo Galilei
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In an attack with 3 vs 2,
- the probability of the attacker to lose 2 armies is 0.29
- the probability of the defender to lose 2 armies is 0.37
- the probability of both to lose 1 army is 0.34
So, with 100 attacks, you can expect to remove 108 armies from your opponents, and only lose 92 armies yourself.
What it comes to the rule of thumb I wrote (above), a correction: if you both have 100 armies, you can only expect to be able to attack 92 times before your opponent is down to 1, and by that time you should have 15 armies left (ie. lost 0.92 * 92 = 85 armies).
In other words:
When near balance, and there are tens of armies to spend, always attack before the other player does.